成人英语三级做真题记单词

Looking back on my childhood, I am convinced that naturalists are born and not made. Although we were brought up in the same way, my brothers and sisters soon abandoned their pressed (紧抱的) flowers and insects. Unlike them, I had no ear for music and languages. I was not an early reader and I could not do mental arithmetic.

Before World War I we spent our summer holidays in Hungary. I have only the dim memory of the house we lived in, of my room and my toys. (76) Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins who gathered next door. But I do have a crystal-clear memory of the dogs, the farm animals, the local birds and above all, the insects.

I am a naturalist, not a scientist. I have a strong love of the natural world, and my enthusiasm has led me into varied investigations. I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnight oil, reading about other people’s observations and discoveries. Then something happens that brings these observations together in my conscious mind. Suddenly you fancy you see the answer to the riddle (谜)，because it all seems to fit together. This has resulted in my publishing 300 papers and books, which some might honor with the title of scientific research.

But curiosity, a keen eye, a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world do not make a scientist; one of the outstanding and essential qualities required is self-discipline, a quality I lack. A scientist can be made. A naturalist is born. If you can combine the two, you get the best of both worlds.

1. According to the author, a born naturalist should first of all be ________.

A. full of enthusiasm                      B. self-disciplined

C. full of ambition                        D. knowledgeable

2. The first paragraph tells us that the author ________.

A. lost his hearing when he was a child

B. didn’t like his brothers and sisters

C. was born to a naturalist’s family

D. was interested in flowers and insects in his childhood

3. The author says that he is a naturalist rather than a scientist probably because he thinks he ________.

A. just reads about other people’s observations and discoveries

B. comes up with solutions in most natural ways

C. has a great deal of trouble doing mental arithmetic

D. lacks some of the qualities required of a scientist

4. The author can’t remember his relatives clearly because________.

A. he was fully occupied with observing nature

B. he didn’t live very long with them

C. the family was extremely large

D. he was too young when he lived with them

5. Which of the following statement is true?

A. The author believes that a born naturalist cannot be a scientist.

B. The author’s brothers and sisters were good at music and languages.

C. The author read a lot of books about the natural world and the oil industry.

D. The author spent a lot of time working on riddles.

［答案详解］

1. A【解析】推断题。作者在本文中从自身经历的角度谈论博物学家是天生的而非后天培养的。第二段中，作者提到自己儿时的记忆，对其他的事物记忆模糊，相反，对小狗、鸟类、昆虫记忆犹新。第三段的第二句“我非常热爱自然世界，我对自然世界充满热情，这使我开始进行各种探索调查”。从这些来判断，就作者而言，天生的博物学家首先应具备的品质是 “充满热情”，所以，选项A正确。选项B“自律”是作者谈及成为科学家所应具备的关键素质，这也是他自己所缺乏的。选项C“有雄心”和选项D“知识渊博”文中没有提及。

2. D【解析】事实判断题。在第一段中，作者说道，尽管他与兄弟姐妹以同样的方式被培养大，他们很快抛弃了他们曾喜爱的花朵和昆虫，而他与他们不一样。所以得出作者对花草和昆虫感兴趣，即选项D为正确答案。

3. D【解析】细节题。在第四段中作者说道，好奇心、敏锐的眼光、良好的记忆力和对动物、植物界的喜爱不能造就一个科学家。一个科学家所需的最突出和关键的品质是自律，而这也是作者所不具备的。所以，作者说自己是博物学家而不是科学家很可能是因为他认为自己“缺乏科学家所需具备的一些品质”。故选项D为正确答案。

4. A【解析】推断题。此题这样问道，作者不能清楚记得他亲戚的原因是什么。如上面分析的那样，在第二段中，作者提到自己儿时的记忆，对自己的玩具、住的房屋和自己的亲戚、家人记忆模糊，相反，对狗、鸟类、尤其是昆虫记忆犹新、历历在目。第三段中还说，他自己是个博物学家而非科学家，因为他热爱自然世界，对此充满热情。结合本题的各个选项，B选项“作者与亲戚在一起住的时间不长”，C选项“家族过于庞大”，D选项“那时他太小”。这些在文中都没有提及。综合起来，我们可以得出 A为最佳选项，即：他全身心地观察大自然是他记不清他亲戚的原因。

5. B【解析】细节题。本题题干：下列哪一项是对的，此类题需要我们从文中的细节出发，综合运用排除法来确定答案。选项A“作者认为天生的自然学家不能成为科学家”不正确。因为在第四段作者谈到了，好奇心、敏锐的眼光、良好的记忆力和对动物、植物世界的喜爱不能成就科学家（承接上一段，我们得知这些都是博物学家所具备的）；科学家所具备的重要的品质之一是自律。作者最后提到如果谁能把这两者结合起来，谁就能在自然学界和科学界都取得最佳成绩。看来博物学家和科学家并不矛盾。B选项“作者的兄弟姐妹擅长音乐和语言”，与第一段最后一句相符，即：“与他们同，我不擅长音乐和语言（have no ear for music and languages）”，所以正确。选项C、D是对第三段第三、第五句的曲解，很容易排除。

[单词详解]

1. convince [k?n'vins]: Vt. 使信服，使相信

[习惯搭配] convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事

be convinced of 确信，承认

be convinced that 确信，承认

[例句] I convince him of my honesty. 我使他相信我的诚实。

2. bring up: 抚养；养育，训练。

3. abandon [?'bænd?n]: Vt.放弃。强调“完全、永远地遗弃”，尤其是指遗弃以前感兴趣或负有责任的人或物。

[例句] He abandoned his wife and child. 他遗弃了他的妻子和孩子。

4. have ear for: 对...有鉴赏力

have no ear for: 对...没有鉴赏力

[例句] You really have an ear for pop music. 你确实对流行音乐很有欣赏力。

      Any singer needs to have an ear for music. 任何歌唱家都要对音乐十分敏感。

5. mental arithmetic: 心算

mental: adj. 精神的, 思想的, 心理的; 智力的, 脑力的

[例句] mental and manual labour 脑力劳动和体力劳动

arithmetic: [?'riθm?tik] n. 算术, 计算

[例句] performs simple arithmetic functions. 进行最简单的算术运算。

6. dim [dim] adj.微暗的；朦胧的；模糊的, 看不清楚的

[例句]dim light of a candle 微弱的烛光；a dim memory of the past 对过去的模糊记忆

7. recall [ri'k?:l] vt. 使回忆, 回想; 使想起

[例句]I recall seeing him 我记得见过他.

8. crystal ['kristl] n.水晶

crystal clear 完全透明的; [喻]极其明白, 十分清楚

9. above all adv.最重要, 首先

[例句] above all, you must be independent. 最重要的是，你必须独立。

10. have a strong love of 非常喜欢…

11. enthusiasm [in'θju:ziæz?m] n.热心, 热情, 狂热, 积极性(for)

[例句]Their enthusiasm was infectious. 他们的热情有感染力。

12. led … into把…引入

[例句] The pipes lead the water into the fields. 这些管道把水引到田里。

This course can only lead you into trouble. 这条路只会给你带来麻烦。

13. varied ['vε?rid] adj. 各种各样的; 有变化的

[例句] Holiday jobs are many and varied. 假期的工作又多又杂.

14. investigation [in?vesti'ɡei∫?n] n.调查

[习惯搭配]bear investigation 经得起考查, 不怕追查

conduct an investigation in 对...进行研究

carry on an investigation in 对...进行研究

conduct an investigation into 对...进行研究

carry on an investigation into 对...进行研究

under investigation 在调查研究中

[例句]It is under investigation. 那件事正在调查中。

15. favorite ['fe?v?r?t] adj .心爱的；中意的；喜爱的

[例句]Oranges are my favorite fruit. 柑橘是我最喜爱的水果。

16. burn the midnight oil开夜车

[例句]It looks like we'll have to burn the midnight oil again tonight. 看来我们今晚又要开夜车了。

17. observation[??bz?:'vei∫?n]n. 观察；(观察后发表的)言论, 意见; 短评

[习惯搭配]keep sb. under observation 监视[观察]某人

18. conscious ['k?n∫?s] adj.知道的， 意识到的

[例句]Your conscious mind. 你的意识。

19. fancy ['fænsi] vt. 想象, 设想

20. fit together组合, 结合

[例句]These broken pieces of plates don't fit together. 这些盘子碎片拼合不起来。

21. result in v.导致

[例句]Their efforts result in failure. 他们的努力归于失败。

22. honor [?n?(r)] vt.敬重；尊敬；使荣耀

[例句] Will you honor me with a visit? 如蒙光临，十分荣幸。

He was honored for his courage in battle. 他因在战斗中的英勇表现而受到尊敬。

23. curiosity [kju?ri'?siti] n. 好奇心; 求知欲

[例句] Curiosity killed the cat. 好奇心，惹祸根。

24. keen [ki:n] adj. 锋利的, 敏锐的, 强烈的, 敏捷的, 热心的, 渴望的

[例句]Having very keen eyesight. 目光锐利的

25. outstanding [aut'stændi?] adj.显著的; 著名的

[例句]You're an outstanding individual.你真是杰出人材。

26. essential [i'sen∫?l] adj. 重要的, 主要的, 根本的；本质的, 实质的

[例句]This is not essential. 这是最不重要的。

27. combine [k?m'bain] vt. 使联合［结合］

[例句]combine theory with practice 使理论与实践相结合